A new department at Moscow State University has begun publishing a series of fundamental books on scientific and methodological problems of information security, including those parts of cryptology that are already included in the university mathematical curriculum. Mathematician-cryptographers Logachev, A. A. Salnikov, and V.V. Yashchenko contributed to the series with a volume on applying Boolean functions in the analysis and design of ciphers. Writing for graduate and undergraduate students of mathematics, research mathematicians, and cryptographers, they consider such aspects as arithmetics of finite fields and polynomials, classifications of Boolean functions, Reed-Muller codes, correlation immunity and resiliency, and the basics of cryptanalysis.